1911
Related subjects: Years
Background Information
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 19th century – 20th century – 21st century |
| Decades: | 1880s 1890s 1900s – 1910s – 1920s 1930s 1940s |
| Years: | 1908 1909 1910 – 1911 – 1912 1913 1914 |
| 1911 by topic: |
| Subject |
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| By country |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
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| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
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| Works and introductions categories |
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| Gregorian calendar | 1911 MCMXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2664 |
| Armenian calendar | 1360 ԹՎ ՌՅԿ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6661 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 67–68 |
| Bengali calendar | 1318 |
| Berber calendar | 2861 |
| British Regnal year | 10 Edw. 7 – 1 Geo. 5 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2455 |
| Burmese calendar | 1273 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7419–7420 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚戌年十二月初一日 (4547/4607-12-1) — to — 辛亥年十一月十二日(4548/4608-11-12) |
| Coptic calendar | 1627–1628 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1903–1904 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5671–5672 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1967–1968 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1833–1834 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5012–5013 |
| Holocene calendar | 11911 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 911–912 |
| Iranian calendar | 1289–1290 |
| Islamic calendar | 1329–1330 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 44 (明治44年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4244 |
| Minguo calendar | 1 before ROC 民前1年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2454 |
Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar.
Events
January
- January 18 – Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania stationed in San Francisco harbour, marking the first time an aircraft lands on a ship.
- January 26 – The United States and Canada announced the successful negotiation of their first reciprocal trade agreement.
February
- February 17 – The first "quasi-official" airmail flight occurs when Fred Wiseman carries three letters between Petaluma and Santa Rosa, California.
- February 18 – The first official air mail flight, second overall, takes place from Allahabad, India to Naini, India, when Henri Pequet carries 6,500 letters a distance of 13 km.
March
- March 18 – International Women's Day is celebrated for the first time.
- March 25 – A fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York City kills 146.
- March 29 – The United States Army adopts a new service pistol, the M1911 designed by John Browning. It remains the US service pistol for 74 years.
April
- April 8 – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers Superconductivity. He presented his findings on April 28, 1911.
- April 13 – Mexican Revolution: Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora– Arizona border; government troops take the town back April 17 when the rebel leader "Red" López is drunk.
- April 19 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero's troops besiege Ciudad Juárez but General Juan J. Navarro refuses his surrender demand.
- April 27 – Huanghuagang Uprising takes place in China. This was an insurrection where rebels in China took five Chinese villages in an attempt to create a power base to fight Imperial rule. Those who died are remembered as "The 72 Martyrs." It is also called the Second Guangzhou Uprising and the Yellow Flower Mound Revolt.
May
- May 8 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa launches an attack against government troops in Ciudad Juarez without Madero's permission; the government troops surrender on May 10.
- May 17 – Mexican Revolution: Porfirio Diaz is convinced to resign but does not do so yet.
- May 21 – Mexican Revolution: A peace treaty is signed between Madero' rebels and government troops in Ciudad Juarez.
- May 24 – Mexican Revolution: Government troops fire at anti-Diaz demonstrators in Mexico City, killing about 200 (officials claim only 40).
- May 25 – Mexican Revolution: Porfirio Diaz signs his resignation and leaves for Veracruz; on May 31 he leaves for exile in France.
- May 30 – The very first Indianapolis 500, won by Ray Harroun at an average speed of 74.59 miles per hour.
- May 31 – The hull of the RMS Titanic is launched.
June
- June 7 – Mexican Revolution: Francisco Madero arrives in Mexico City just after a local earthquake.
- June 22 – George V is crowned King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions.
July
- July 1 – The presence of the German warship Panther in the Moroccan port of Agadir triggers the Agadir Crisis.
- July 24 – Hiram Bingham rediscovers Machu Picchu in Peru.
August
September
- September 25 – The French Navy ship Liberté explodes at anchor in Toulon, France killing around 300 on both ship and the neighbouring area.
- September 29 – Italy declares war on Ottoman Empire.
October
- October 10 – The Wuchang Uprising starts the Xinhai Revolution that leads to the founding of the Republic of China.
- October 16 – Mexican Revolution: Felix Diaz, nephew of Porfirio Diaz, occupies the port of Veracruz as a sign of rebellion against Madero.
November
- November 1 – World's first combat aerial bombing mission takes place in Libya during the Italo-Turkish War. Second Lieutenant Giulio Gavotti of Italy drops several small bombs.
- November 5 – Italy annexes Tripoli and Cyrenaica (this act is confirmed by an act of the Italian Parliament on February 25, 1912).
- November 4 – Treaty of Berlin brings the Agadir Crisis to a close. This treaty led Morocco to be split between France (as a protectorate) and Spain (as the colony of Spanish Sahara) with Germany forfeiting all claims to Morocco. In return, France gave Germany a portion of the French Congo (as Kamerun) and Germany ceded some of German Kamerun to France (as Chad).
December
- December – Delhi Durbar held to mark the coronation of King George V of the United Kingdom and Queen Mary as Emperor and Empress of India and the transfer of the capital of the British Raj from Calcutta to Delhi.
- December 14 – Roald Amundsen's expedition reaches the South Pole.
- December 18 – Opening of first exhibition by Der Blaue Reiter group of painters, in Munich.
- December 29 – Sun Yat-sen is elected the Provisional President of the Republic of China.
Date unknown
- The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition is published under American management in England by Cambridge University Press.
- New Zealand-born British physicist Ernest Rutherford deduces the existence of a compact atomic nucleus from scattering experiments.
Births
January–February
- January 1
- January 3 – John Sturges, American film director (d. 1982)
- January 5 – Jean-Pierre Aumont, French actor (d. 2001)
- January 7 – Butterfly McQueen, American actress (d. 1995)
- January 11 – Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)
- January 13 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, Premier of Queensland (d. 2005)
- January 17
- January 18 – José María Arguedas, Peruvian novelist, poet, and anthropologist (d. 1969)
- January 19
- January 20 – Wendell J. Westcott, American carillonneur (d. 2010)
- January 22
- January 24 – C. L. Moore, American writer (d. 1987)
- January 25 – Kurt Maetzig, German director (d. 2012)
- January 26 – Polykarp Kusch, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
- January 28 – Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician
- January 29 – Peter von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1986)
- January 30 – Roy Eldridge, American jazz musician (d. 1989)
- January 31 – Eddie Byrne, Irish actor (d. 1981)
- February 5 – Jussi Björling, Swedish tenor (d. 1960)
- February 6 – Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States (d. 2004)
- February 8 – Elizabeth Bishop, American poet (d. 1979)
- February 11 – Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (Carroll Daly), fifth president of Ireland (d. 1978)
- February 12 – Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (d. 1968)
- February 13 – Jean Muir, American actress (d. 1996)
- February 14
- February 17
- February 19 – Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979)
- February 24 – Eduardo Vañó Pastor, Spanish cartoonist (d. 1993)
- February 28 – Otakar Vávra, Czech director (d. 2011)
March–April
- March 3 – Jean Harlow, American actress (d. 1937)
- March 6 – Nikolai Baibakov, Soviet statesman (d. 2008)
- March 8 – Alan Hovhaness, American composer (d. 2000)
- March 9 – Ebby Halliday, American realtor
- March 12 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Mexican president (d. 1979)
- March 13
- March 15 – Ursula Vaughan Williams, British author (d. 2007)
- March 16
- March 18 – Al Benton, American baseball player (d. 1968)
- March 20 – Alfonso García Robles, Mexican diplomat and politician, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 1991)
- March 24
- March 25 – Jack Ruby, American mobster, killer of Lee Harvey Oswald (d. 1967)
- March 26
- March 27 – Erich Heller, British philosopher (d. 1990)
- March 29 – Brigitte Horney, German-born actress (d. 1988)
- March 31
- April 3 – Michael Woodruff, British/Australian surgeon (d. 2001)
- April 6 – Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen, German biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
- April 8
- April 11 – Stanislawa Walasiewicz, Polish-born athlete (d. 1980)
- April 13 – William J. Tuttle, American makeup artist (d. 2007)
- April 15 – Muhammad Metwally Al Shaarawy, Egyptian jurist (d. 1998)
- April 17 – Lester Rodney, American journalist (d. 2009)
- April 18
- April 23 – Ronald Neame, British film cinematographer, producer, screenwriter and director (d. 2010)
- April 26 – Marianne Hoppe, German actress (d. 2002)
May–June
- May 1 – Anthony Salerno, American gangster (d. 1992)
- May 5 – Andor Lilienthal, Hungarian Chess Grandmaster (d. 2010)
- May 6 – Frank Nelson, American actor (d. 1986)
- May 7 – Ishirō Honda, Japanese film director (d. 1993)
- May 8 – Robert Johnson, American guitarist and singer (d. 1938)
- May 10 – Bel Kaufman, German-born American author
- May 11
- May 14 – Ne Win, President of Burma (d. 2002)
- May 15 – Max Frisch, Swiss author (d. 1991)
- May 17
- May 18 – Big Joe Turner, American singer (d. 1985)
- May 20
- May 22 – Anatol Rapoport, Russian-born American mathematical psychologist (d. 2007)
- May 24
- May 26 – Ben Alexander, American actor (d. 1969)
- May 27
- May 28 – Fritz Hochwälder, Austrian author (d. 1986)
- May 31 – Maurice Allais, French economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
- June 3 – Ellen Corby, American actress (d. 1999)
- June 11 – George Webb, British actor (d. 1998)
- June 12 – Milovan Đilas, Yugoslavian Marxist (d. 1995)
- June 13
- June 15 – W.V. Awdry, English children's writer (d. 1997)
- June 20 – Paul Pietsch, German racer and magazine magnate (d. 2012)
- June 21 – Wonderful Smith, African-American comedian (d. 2008)
- June 24
- June 25 – William Howard Stein, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1980)
- June 26 – Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete and golfer (d. 1956)
- June 29
- June 30 – Czesław Miłosz, Polish-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
July–August
- July 1 – Sergei Sokolov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 2012)
- July 4
- July 5
- July 6 – LaVerne Andrews, American singer (d. 1967)
- July 7 – Gian-Carlo Menotti, Italian-born American composer (d. 2007)
- July 9
- July 16
- July 17 – Ted Anderson, English footballer (d. 1979)
- July 18 – Hume Cronyn, Canadian actor (d. 2003)
- July 21 – Marshall McLuhan, Canadian author (d. 1980)
- July 28 – Ann Doran, American actress (d. 2000)
- July 29 – Ján Cikker, Slovak composer (d. 1989)
- July 31 – George Liberace, American musician (d. 1983)
- August 2 – Rusty Wescoatt, American actor (d. 1987)
- August 3 – Manuel Esperón, Mexican musician and composer (d. 2011)
- August 5 – Robert Taylor, American actor (d. 1969)
- August 6
- August 7 – Nicholas Ray, American director (d. 1979)
- August 8 – Rosetta LeNoire, American actress (d. 2002)
- August 9 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
- August 10 – A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian (d. 1993)
- August 11 – William H. Avery, American politician (d. 2009)
- August 12 – Cantinflas, Mexican actor (d. 1993)
- August 17
- August 18 – Amelia Boynton Robinson, American civil rights activist
- August 23
- August 27 – Kay Walsh, British actress (d. 2005)
September–October
- September 2 – Floyd Council, American musician (d. 1976)
- September 6 – Harry Danning, American baseball player (d. 2004)
- September 7 – Todor Zhivkov, President of Bulgaira (d. 1998)
- September 9 – John Gorton, nineteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2002)
- September 13 – Bill Monroe, American musician (d. 1996)
- September 15 – Joseph Pevney, American director (d. 2008)
- September 19 – William Golding, English writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
- September 20 – Shriram Sharma Acharya, Indian religious leader (d. 1990)
- September 23 – Frank Moss, American politician (d. 2003)
- September 24
- September 27 – John Harvey, American actor (d. 1982)
- September 29 – Charles Court, Australian politician (d. 2007)
- October 5
- October 9 – Joe Rosenthal, American photographer (d. 2006)
- October 10 – Clare Hollingworth, British journalist
- October 13 – Ashok Kumar, Indian actor (d. 2001)
- October 14 – Le Duc Tho, Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1990)
- October 15 – James H. Schmitz, German-born American science fiction writer (d. 1981)
- October 26
- October 27 – Leif Erickson, American actor (d. 1986)
- October 30 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (d. 2005)
November–December
- November 1
- November 2 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
- November 5 – Roy Rogers, American singer and actor (d. 1998)
- November 7 – Yolande Beekman, French-born World War II heroine (d. 1944)
- November 9 – Louise Lindner, American wife of Lee Eastman and mother of Linda McCartney (d. 1962)
- November 12 – Chad Varah, British priest and humanitarian (d. 2007)
- November 13 – Buck O'Neil, American baseball player and manager (d. 2006)
- November 24 – Erik Bergman, Finnish composer (d. 2006)
- November 25 – Roelof Frankot, Dutch painter (d. 1984)
- November 27
- November 28 – Václav Renč, Czech poet, dramatist and translator (d. 1973)
- November 30 – Jorge Negrete, Mexican singer & actor (d. 1953)
- December 3 – Nino Rota, Italian composer (d. 1979)
- December 5 – Władysław Szpilman, Polish pianist and memoirist (d. 2000)
- December 8 – Lee J. Cobb, American actor (d. 1976)
- December 11
- December 13
- December 18 – Jules Dassin, American director (d. 2008)
- December 20 – Hortense Calisher, American author (d. 2009)
- December 21 – Josh Gibson, African-American baseball player (d. 1947)
- December 23 – Niels Kaj Jerne, English-born immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
- December 25 – Louise Bourgeois, French-born American artist (d. 2010)
- December 26 – Arsenio Lacson, Filipino politician and sportswriter (d. 1962)
- December 27 – Anna Russell, British comedian and singer (d. 2006)
- December 28 – Sam Levenson, American humorist and author (d.1980)
- December 30 – Jeanette Nolan, American actress (d. 1998)
Date unknown
- Jaime Ornelas Camacho, Portuguese politician
Deaths
January–June
- January 17 – Sir Francis Galton, English explorer and biologist (b. 1822)
- February 4 – Piet Cronjé, Boer general (b. 1836)
- February 1 – Charles Stillman Sperry, American admiral (b. 1847)
- February 15 – Theodor Escherich, German-Austrian pediatrician (b. 1857)
- February 21 – Isidre Nonell, Spanish painter (b. 1873)
- March 1 – Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
- April 10 – Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, Lithuanian artist and composer (b. 1875)
- April 14 – Denman Thompson, American actor and playwright (b. 1833)
- April 25 – Emilio Salgari, Italian writer (b. 1862)
- April 29 – Georg, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe (b. 1846)
- May 18 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (b. 1860)
- May 21 – Williamina Fleming, Scottish astronomer (b. 1857)
- May 27 – Thursday October Christian II, Pitcairn Islands leader (b. 1820)
- May 29 – William S. Gilbert, English dramatist (b. 1836)
- June 2 – Axel Olof Freudenthal, philologist and politician (b. 1836)
- June 9 – Carrie Nation, American temperance activist (b. 1846)
- June 25 – Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy (b. 1843)
July–December
- July 2 – Clement A. Evans, Confederate general (b. 1833)
- July 15 – Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (b. 1832)
- July 16 – August Harambašić, Croatian writer (b. 1861)
- August 1
- August 8 – William P. Frye, U.S. Senator (b. 1830)
- August 12 – Jules Brunet, French military leader (b. 1838)
- September 16 – Edward Whymper, British explorer (b. 1840)
- September 29 – Henry Northcote, former Governor-General of Australia (b. 1846)
- October 2 – Winfield Scott Schley, American admiral (b. 1839)
- October 7
- October 14 – John Marshall Harlan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1833)
- October 19 – Eugene Ely, pioneer aviator (b. 1886)
- October 24 – Ida Lewis, lighthouse keeper (b. 1842)
- October 29 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-born newspaper publisher and journalist (b. 1847)
- October 31 – John Joseph Montgomery, American glider pioneer (b. 1858)
- November 9 – Howard Pyle, American artist and fictional writer (b. 1853)
- November 22 – William George Aston, British consular official (b. 1841)
- November 23 – Bernard Tancred, South African cricketer (b. 1865)
- November 26 – Komura Jutarō, Japanese statesman (b. 1855)
- December 10 – Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist (b. 1817)
- December 20 – Rose Eytinge, American actress (b. 1835)
- December 22 – Odilon Lannelongue, French surgeon (b. 1840)
- December 25 – Arthur F. Griffith, American calculating prodigy (b. 1880)
Nobel Prizes
- Physics – Wilhelm Wien
- Chemistry – Maria Skłodowska-Curie
- Medicine – Allvar Gullstrand
- Literature – Count Maurice (Mooris) Polidore Marie Bernhard Maeterlinck
- Peace – Tobias Michael Carel Asser Alfred Hermann Fried
