1869
Related subjects: Years
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 18th century – 19th century – 20th century |
| Decades: | 1830s 1840s 1850s – 1860s – 1870s 1880s 1890s |
| Years: | 1866 1867 1868 – 1869 – 1870 1871 1872 |
Year 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).
Events of 1869
January - March
- January 1 - Sigma Nu, the first anti-hazing Honour/Social Fraternity, is founded.
- January 20 - Elizabeth Cady Stanton is the first woman to testify before the United States Congress.
- January 21 - P.E.O._Sisterhood - A philanthropic educational organizationfor women, is founded at Iowa Wesleyan College in Mount Pleasant, Iowa.
- February 20 - Ranavalona II, the Merina Queen of Madagascar, is baptized.
- March 1 - North German Confederation issues 10 gr and 30gr value stamps, printed on goldbeater's skin.
- March 4 - Ulysses S. Grant succeeds Andrew Johnson as the President of the United States of America.
- March 6 - Mendeleev makes a formal presentation to the Russian Chemical Society.
April - June
- April 6 - The American Museum of Natural History is founded in New York.
- May 4- 10 - Naval Battle of Hakodate in Korea.
- May 6 - Purdue University is founded in West Lafayette, Indiana.
- May 10 - The Transcontinental Railroad is completed in Promontory, Utah.
- May 15 - Woman's suffrage: In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman's Suffrage Association.
- May 26 - Boston University is chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
- May 29 - British parliament passes the Capital Punishment within Prisons Bill, thus ending public hanging.
- June 1 - The Cincinnati Red Stockings open the baseball season as the first fully professional baseball team.
- June 2 - Sherwood College is founded in Nainital.
- June 15 - John Wesley Hyatt patents the first plastic, Celluloid, in Albany, New York.
- June 18 - First Estonian song festival takes place in Tartu.
July - September
- July 4 - University of Bucharest is founded.
- August 9 - August Bebel and Wilhelm Liebknecht found the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (SDAP).
- August 31 - American scientist Mary Ward is killed in a car accident, possibly the first person ever to suffer this fate.
- September 5 - The foundation stone is laid for Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria (southern Germany).
- September 11 - Work on the Wallace Monument is completed.
- September 24- The Fisk-Gould Scandal (also known as Black Friday) causes a financial panic in the United States.
October - December
- October 16 - England's first residential college for women, Girton College, is founded.
- November 4 - The first issue of the scientific journal Nature is published.
- November 6 - The first game of American Football between two American colleges is played. Rutgers University defeats Princeton University 6 to 4 in a forerunner to American football and College football.
- November 17 - In Egypt, the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony.
- November 23 - In Dumbarton, Scotland the last surviving clipper ship, Cutty Sark, is launched.
- December 1 - The official transfer of Rupert's Land from the Hudson's Bay Company to the Dominion of Canada is executed.
- December 10 - The first American chapter of Kappa Sigma is founded at the University of Virginia.
- December 31 - Triple Alliance forces take Asunción.
Undated
- Basutoland becomes a British protectorate.
- British parliament ends transportation to Australia as punishment for criminals.
- Mahbub Ali Pasha begins a 42-year reign as the Nizam of Hyderabad.
- James Gordon Bennett, Jr. of the New York Herald asks Henry Morton Stanley to find Dr Livingstone.
- The Meiji Emperor of Japan accepts the surrender of the four most powerful clans--( Chōshū, Tosa, Hizen, and Satsuma)--and reappoints the clan chiefs as Provincial Governors on reduced revenues.
- Abdur Rahman Khan is exiled from Afghanistan.
- Southern Illinois University Carbondale is founded.
- The co-operative Central Board (later Co-operatives UK) is founded in Manchester.
- The Glasgow University Rugby Football Club ( GURFC) is founded.
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1869 MDCCCLXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2622 |
| Armenian calendar | 1318 ԹՎ ՌՅԺԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6619 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 25–26 |
| Bengali calendar | 1276 |
| Berber calendar | 2819 |
| British Regnal year | 32 Vict. 1 – 33 Vict. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2413 |
| Burmese calendar | 1231 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7377–7378 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊辰年十一月十九日 (4505/4565-11-19) — to — 己巳年十一月廿九日(4506/4566-11-29) |
| Coptic calendar | 1585–1586 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1861–1862 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5629–5630 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1925–1926 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1791–1792 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4970–4971 |
| Holocene calendar | 11869 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 869–870 |
| Iranian calendar | 1247–1248 |
| Islamic calendar | 1285–1286 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 2 (明治2年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 12 days |
| Korean calendar | 4202 |
| Minguo calendar | 43 before ROC 民前43年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2412 |
January - June
- January 4 - Tommy Corcoran, American baseball player (d. 1960)
- January 10 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian mystic (d. 1916)
- January 15 - Stanisław Wyspiański, Polish dramatist, poet, painter, and architect (d. 1907)
- February 11 - Helene Kroller-Muller, Dutch museum founder and patron of the arts (d. 1939)
- February 14 - Charles Wilson, Scottish physicist and Nobel laureate (d. 1959)
- February 26 - Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya, a RussianMarxist revolutionary and Vladimir Lenin's wife (d.1939)
- March 3
- Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal and archbishop (d. 1952)
- Henry Wood, British conductor (d. 1944)
- March 12 - George William Forbes, New Zealand Prime Minister and first leader of the New Zealand National Party (d. 1947)
- March 14 - Algernon Blackwood, English writer (d. 1951)
- March 18 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1940)
- March 21 - Florenz Ziegfeld, American theatrical producer (d. 1932)
- March 22 - Emilio Aguinaldo, first President of the Philippines (d. 1964)
- April 2 - Hughie Jennings, American baseball player (d. 1928)
- April 4 - Mary Colter, American architect (d. 1958)
- April 8 - Harvey Cushing, American neurosurgeon (d. 1939)
- April 11 - Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor (d. 1943)
- April 27 - May Moss, Australian women's rights activist (d. 1948)
- May 5 - Hans Pfitzner, German composer (d. 1949)
- May 20 - John Stone Stone, American physicist and inventor (d. 1943)
- June 17 - Flora Finch, English-born comedienne (d. 1940)
- June 27 - Hans Spemann, German embryologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1941)
July - December
- August 10 - Lawrence Binyon, English poet and scholar (d. 1943)
- September 3 - Fritz Pregl, Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1930)
- September 17 - Christian Lous Lange, Norwegian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1938)
- September 23 - Mary Mallon, "Typhoid Mary" (d. 1938)
- October 2 - Mahatma Gandhi, Indian political leader, Father of the Nation (d. 1948)
- October 25 - John Heisman, American football coach (d. 1936)
- November 10 - Wayne Wheeler, American temperance movement leader (d. 1927)
- November 11 - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (d. 1947)
- November 20 - Herbert Tudor Buckland, seminal British Arts and crafts architect (d.1951)
- November 22 - André Gide, French writer and Nobel laureate (d. 1951)
- November 25 - Herbert Greenfield, Premier of Alberta, Canada (d. 1949)
- November 30 - Gustaf Dalén, Swedish physicist and Nobel laureate (d. 1937)
- December 16 - Hristo Tatarchev, Bulgarian revolutionary and leader of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia and Eastern Thrace
- December 22 - Edwin Arlington Robinson, American poet (d. 1935)
- December 22 - Nathan Paine, American lumber baron (d. 1947)
- December 30 - Stephen Leacock, British-Canadian author and economist (d. 1944)
- December 31 - Henri Matisse, French painter (d. 1954)
Deaths
January - June
- January 1
- January 30 - William Carleton, Irish novelist (b. 1794)
- February 15 - Mirza Ghalib, Indian poet (b. 1796).
- March 8 - Hector Berlioz, French composer (b. 1803)
- March 20 - John Pascoe Grenfell, British admiral of the Brazilian Navy (b. 1800)
- March 24 - Antoine-Henri Jomini, French general (b. 1779)
- April 20 - Carl Loewe, German composer (b. 1796)
- June 16 - Charles Sturt, Australian explorer (b. 1795)
- June 20 - Hijikata Toshizou, Japanese military commander (b. 1835)
July - December
- July 18 - Laurent Clerc, American advocate for the deaf (b. 1785)
- August 31 - Mary Ward, American scientist and the first car accident victim (b. 1827)
- September 4 - John Pascoe Fawkner, Australian pioneer, settler and politician, Melbourne, Victoria. (b. 1792)
- September 12 - Peter Roget, British lexicographer (b. 1779)
- October 13 - Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French literary critic (b. 1804)
- October 23 - Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1799)
- December 18 - Louis Moreau Gottschalk, American composer and pianist (b. 1829)
